Govardhan Puja, also known as Annakut or Annakoot, is a Hindu festival celebrated primarily in the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, and Bihar. It falls on the fourth day of the five-day-long Diwali festival, the day after Diwali. This festival commemorates the lifting of Govardhan Hill by Lord Krishna to protect the residents of Vrindavan from the wrath of the rain god, Indra.
The legend behind Govardhan Puja is rooted in the Bhagavata Purana. According to the story, Lord Krishna persuaded the people of Vrindavan to stop worshipping Indra and instead pay homage to the Govardhan Hill, which provided them with sustenance. Angered by this, Indra unleashed a torrential downpour to submerge the village. In response, Krishna lifted the Govardhan Hill on his little finger, providing shelter to the villagers and cattle for seven days. Realizing his mistake, Indra apologized, and the villagers were saved.
On Govardhan Puja, devotees prepare and offer a large variety of vegetarian food, known as Annakut, to Krishna. This food, consisting of cereals, vegetables, pulses, and sweets, is symbolically piled up to represent the Govardhan Hill. Devotees perform aarti and sing devotional songs to honor Krishna. In some regions, a ritualistic procession and circumambulation (parikrama) of the hill or a representation of it are also conducted.
Govardhan Puja symbolizes the importance of nature and the role of divine intervention in protecting the devout. It underscores themes of humility, devotion, and gratitude, celebrating the bond between humans and the natural world.
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